In-RDBMS Hardware Acceleration of Advanced Analytics

The data revolution is fueled by advances in several areas, including databases, high-performance computer architecture, and machine learning. Although timely, there is a void of solutions that brings these disjoint directions together. This paper sets out to be the initial step towards such a union. The aim is to devise a solution for the in-Database Acceleration of Advanced Analytics (DAnA). DAnA empowers database users to leap beyond traditional data summarization techniques and seamlessly utilize hardware-accelerated machine learning. Deploying specialized hardware, such as FPGAs, for in-database analytics currently requires hand-designing the hardware and manually routing the data. Instead, DAnA automatically maps a high-level specification of indatabase analytics queries to the FPGA accelerator. The accelerator implementation is generated from a User Defined Function (UDF), expressed as part of a SQL query in a Python-embedded Domain-Specific Language (DSL). To realize efficient in-database integration, DAnA-generated accelerators contain a novel hardware structure, Striders, that directly interface with the buffer pool of the database. DAnA obtains the schema and page layout information from the database catalog to configure the Striders. In turn, Striders extract, cleanse, and process the training data tuples, which are consumed by a multi-threaded FPGA engine that executes the analytics algorithm. We integrated DAnA with PostgreSQL to generate hardware accelerators for a range of real-world and synthetic datasets running diverse ML algorithms. Results show that DAnA-enhanced PostgreSQL provides, on average, 11.3× endto-end speedup for real datasets, with the maximum at 58.2×. Moreover, DAnA-enhanced PostgreSQL is 5.4× faster, on average, than the multi-threaded Apache MADLib running on Greenplum. DAnA provides these benefits while hiding the complexity of hardware design from data scientists and allowing them to express the algorithm in ≈30-60 lines of Python code.